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 Wysłany: Pią 18:59, 21 Sty 2011 Temat postu: tory burch Development of the west should learn fr |
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Development of the west should learn from U.S. experience in water management
Information system (CIMIS), has been widely used in irrigation schemes, pest management, forest protection, resource management, fire protection and research; the user types a consultancy companies, public agencies, water bodies, green organizations, universities, institutions, households and crop irrigation other. Particular reference to crop water requirements will result in the Internet, the computer can search around the use by farmers. United States, along with precision irrigation and precision agriculture produce. Precision irrigation is the use of global satellite positioning systems, geographic information systems and remote sensing systems suitable for different crops and the fine timely and accurate irrigation. Precision irrigation in the western United States has been initially promotion. Water engineering measures. United States nearly 2O ~ 3O years mainly in order to make the project has been on the efficient use of water resources,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the implementation of water-saving irrigation. Early irrigation is used in irrigation, and now use more irrigation, drip irrigation and surface irrigation improvement. California, for example,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the ratio of various water-saving irrigation methods: 52% furrow irrigation, border irrigation and irrigation accounts for �� block part of western development JINGJIGUANCHA Moderator: Wulan Jun L21%, 15% irrigation, drip irrigation and micro jet accounted for 10 ~ 15% , drip irrigation is mainly used for grapes, micro jet is mainly used for orchard, irrigation is mainly used for pasture and uneven ground corn, ground water than the flat and when you do not use surface irrigation. As a result of advanced engineering and technical measures for water saving, the United States over the past 50 years large changes in agricultural productivity, reduce production costs, while output increased 2.5 times. 5. Water resources management, unified control of water rights belong to the United States federal and private ownership. Several states across the river water allocation by the state through negotiation, signing of watershed agreement, approved by Congress after the execution. State of industrial water, agricultural water, urban water, water power by the state Department of Water Resources is responsible for unified management, unified allocation, water rights by the state, and is legally registered in the courts. 6. Environmental protection, water resources development in the United States attaches great importance to environmental protection. The federal Clean Water Act enacted, with very strict laws protecting the environment. Water project construction to project, there must be a detailed design and environmental protection alternative. Any environmental protection measures are not comprehensive, not implemented, credible engineering, environmental protection departments to implement a vote veto system. In water project construction, have to consider the ecological water storage power station to ensure that the waterfall,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], landscape water use. Tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], water quality standards consistent with fish. Effectively control the water quality of rivers and seas and the environment. �� 7. Water research and development and human use of the larger U.S. investment in technology research and development, funding for agricultural research only accounted for 2.6% of GDP, while China accounted for only 0.38%. The results of their research is practical and future-oriented, whether the content of their research findings to teach success depends on how many users are generally free to promote agricultural research. The experience is worth learning 1. Investment and financing mechanism to establish a scientific investment and financing should be diversified. We can learn from the U.S. investment and financing experience in water resources projects, in addition to government investment, the water users to fund-raising, issue bonds and absorb water as part of private capital, etc., to make investment in diversified water resources projects. Adjust the price of water, the use of price leverage, and promote the rational use of water resources, so that water economy is a virtuous circle. 2. Adjust the structure of water to support the industrial structure, the implementation of efficient water conservation in the context of food production to ensure adjustment of industrial structure and structure of water, in particular, to strengthen the development of tertiary industry, both within the industry to adjust in the farming and forestry, animal husbandry, the proportion of . To meet the social, economic and ecological development of demand, to minimize water consumption, improve water productivity. In addition to the implementation of agricultural water-saving irrigation technologies, the development should meet the water-saving crops, and bio-engineering technology to cultivate varieties of low water, spray, drip irrigation as used in high-yield crops. In industry, improved industrial production processes, reduce water consumption,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], water recycling as much as possible; water in cities and towns, and a fixed water. 3. To ensure that the proportion of ecological water adjustment of national industrial policy with the new construction projects should be determined to open a good ecological water ratio. Must adhere to both ecological and economic benefits and common development. To strengthen the ecological benefit function on the basis of economic development, to prevent long-term neglect of ecological benefits, one-sided pursuit of economic efficiency, can not go after the first destruction of the old management, the social, economic, ecological and harmonious development to keep pace. Should protect the existing wetlands, wetlands regulate the climate, regulation of river runoff, which will help conserve water, prevent soil erosion, degradation of pollutants. Prevent erosion and other important ecological functions. (Author: Gansu Shule Construction Authority), More articles related to topics：
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