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 Wysłany: Wto 8:15, 30 Lis 2010 Temat postu: Nike Free 5.0 Kindertransport Before the Second Wo |
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The trains began to leave Prague in 1939 as Nazi Germany prepared for more aggressive territorial expansion. There were thousands of children that needed to be evacuated, but with the prospect of war involved and the logistics and organisation it took, it was just not possible. However, Nicholas Winton did manager to evacuate almost 700 children to Britain.
Signs of War in 1938
War is Declared, September 1939
As the Nazis reclaimed the Sudetenland in 1938, reversing the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, thousands of refugees began to arrive in Czechoslovakia, however there was no Kindertransport arranged here like there was in Germany and Austria. A British man, Nicholas Winton,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], was in Prague at the time, and was so moved by the thousands of refugees,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], he decided he was going to organise his own Kindertransport for the Jewish children.
The Nazis Invade the Sudetenland
Samuels, D. Kindertransport. London: Nick Hern Books Limited,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 1995.
BNC101
When Nazi Germany invaded Poland on September 1st 1939, Britain declared war. In Prague another of Nicholas Winton’s trains was full and preparing to leave the station, when Nazi soldiers boarded the train, it is most likely that the children on board were sent to a concentration camp. As the Second World War had begun, there was nothing further that Nicholas Winton could do for the Jewish children of Czechoslovakia.
After spending a couple of months in Prague, Winton returned to London to organise matters from there, with a small team of volunteers remaining in Czechoslovakia. Winton arranged the huge amount of paperwork necessary for the children’s travel, obtained permission from the Home Office to admit the refugees and found foster families to care for them when they arrived.
Although Britain and its allies attempted to pursue a policy of appeasement with Nazi Germany, war was appearing to be unavoidable. As the talk and threat of war in Germany increased, so did the anti-Semitism, particularly after Kristallnacht which with its brutality, destruction and violence, shocked Western Europe. In Germany and Austria, groups, such as the Committee for the Care of Children from Germany, began to organise evacuating Jewish children to Britain. Here they were placed with families,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or sponsored to attend a boarding school, some had relatives in the USA and would travel on to live with them.
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Operation Harvest Festival in Poland, 1943
Nazi Concentration Camp Flossenburg
The Nazi Concentration Camp Sachsenhausen
As soon as the Nazis came to power in 1933 they began to introduce a series of laws diminishing the rights of Jewish citizens. In the following years, Jews were forced out of their posts in universities and scientific institutions, forbidden from driving and forced to wear Yellow Stars defining their religion.
Kindertransport in Prague
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