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Dołączył: 29 Paź 2010
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 Wysłany: Pon 8:29, 13 Gru 2010 Temat postu: ghd glätteisen Effective way to control the fluid |
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Effective way to control the fluid particles
fluid particles is defined as the process of infusion into the body of the non-metabolic particle impurities. It was unintentional in the liquid can be added to swimming, foreign substances insoluble and soluble substances but not dissolving drugs, such as rubber particles, chemical particles (carbon black, clay, zinc oxide ...), crystal, fiber, mold , starch, diatoms, with its diameter, generally only 1 ~ 25 μm, there are 50 ~ 300 μm or larger particles. More than the naked eye can only see particles 50 μm. We found the majority of clinical work as a stopper particles. 1 infusion of harmful particles in the Pharmacopoeia of 1990, per ml infusion in diameter> 10 μm insoluble particles can not exceed 20, the diameter> 25 μm of the insoluble particles can not exceed 2 [1]. The diameter of the smallest human capillaries is only 4 ~ 7 μm, 50 μm in diameter, and those about the harmful particles into the blood vessels,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], is a direct result of capillary thrombosis, caused by local ischemia, tissue hypoxia caused by edema and inflammatory response. Smaller particles may be swallowed by macrophages, resulting in the increase of macrophages in the arterial capillaries or the formation of small granulomas, blocking of human micro-circulatory system, causing brain, lung, eye and other organs of the organizational changes, such as chronic fibrous pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, intracranial granuloma, retinal granuloma and renal thrombosis,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], as well as the solubility of bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia. More common hazard especially in the lungs. 2 infusion causes the formation of particles 2.1 under the influence of drug raw materials, products, injections and infusion preparation of raw materials; production process is unreasonable, mixed with impurities, the particles into the liquid. Although through rigorous testing before leaving the factory, but after leaving the factory through a variety of areas, such as transport, wholesale, sales and so on, until the clinical applications, with time, preparation of the particles increased. 2.2 impure water for injection, infusion with a lot of water, water for injection should meet the standards of Pharmacopoeia. Distilled water in the production process, the steamer is not too much washing or heating, resulting in the accumulation of impurities. Pipeline is too long, dirty, or aging scaling, water containers contaminated liquid can cause particulate pollution. 2.3 Preparation of large-scale production process pollution infusion process, the general is to use fresh water for injection,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the liquid preparation,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], filtered water for injection plus quantitative, fine filter - repackage - sealing - sterilization - Quality inspection a series of processes. If a link does not meet the required standard, you can be in particles with a liquid. 2.4 liquid air pollution in the preparation, dosing, infusion process, the extent of indoor air purification and aseptic loose particles caused. 2.5 solution bottle,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], rubber stopper of rubber stopper may be subject to erosion from the chemical reaction of the solution, stripping caused by particles. Glass wall soaking sodium chloride, potassium chloride and other salts solution too long can also be caused by particles due to corrosion exfoliation. 2.6 Operation of transfusion medicine in Canada, the cutting ampoule, rubber stopper puncture repeated dosing led to the formation of particulate pollution avulsion rubber plug [2].
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