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Disclaimer: The information contained in this article is for educational purposes only and should not be used for diagnosis or to guide treatment without the opinion of a health professional. Any reader who is concerned about his or her health should
Hand washing is by far the best way to prevent direct spread of the virus. Using soap and water, wash hands for at least 20 seconds. Dry them completely with a clean towel or an air dryer. If one uses alcohol, alcohol-gel or hand sanitizers to disinfect hands, it should be at least 60-70% alcohol.Hand washing should be done before and after eating, using the toilet, changing diapers, blowing the nose, food preparation, and touching an ill person.Teach children to avoid touching the face, mouth and nose during play with other kids who may be infected or currently ill.Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces that may have been contaminated by soiled diapers [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], toys and clothes can help control the spread of the virus. These surfaces include toilets, bathtubs, diaper tables, etc.Avoid close contact, such as kissing and hugging and sharing of personal things like toothbrushes, utensils, handkerchiefs [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], etc.
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a self-limiting disease that may last for seven to 10 days and resolves on its own without need for antibiotics or antiviral treatment. Hospitalization is rarely needed, unless meningitis or encephalitis ensues. Care is needed to treat the fever with paracetamol (not ASPIRIN®), and to prevent dehydration in children who refuse to eat and drink.
Hand, foot and mouth disease is brought about by enteroviruses, or the kind of virus that usually inhabits the intestines and spread through stools. In the United States, these may be of the Coxsackievirus A16 type, or in Asia, by the enterovirus 71. It is spread by contaminated children through dirty hands, touching newly infected surfaces, and other children. Adults who are immunocompromised may also be infected.It does not spread from or to pets and other animals.It affects mostly younger children who have not been exposed to the virus. Adults have greater immunity (protection) to it because of possible previous exposure to the virus with or without manifestations of the illness.There are different strains of the viruses and one may be immune from one type and not to the others.Outbreaks usually occur in summer and early autumn. Nurseries, schools and public places where children abound are the best places to spread the virus.Treatment of HFMD
Sudden onset of fever, rashes, painful mouth sores and sore throat can be alarming in young children. They may become weak, irritable and have poor appetite. Parents often become worried because the rashes and resulting blisters may resemble measles or chicken pox [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], although not quite. Sometimes one may suspect flu or other viral rashes. Symptoms may be mild for some, such as fever and rashes around the extremities only, but others may experience very painful mouth sores and refuse to eat. It is important for parents, teachers and adults who may be vulnerable to be aware of this viral infection.
How to Prevent HFMD
There is no vaccine available for HFMD. The best way to prevent being infected or spreading it is by personal hygiene.
HFMD can be spread in various ways, including the following:
Read on
Viral Meningitis
Hand Foot and Mouth Disease
Foot and Mouth Disease
How Does HFMD Spread?
Personal hygiene is very important in preventing the spread of enteroviruses. Parents, teachers, caregivers and children should be trained on how to maintain an environment of health, cleanliness and safety.
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