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 Wysłany: Wto 14:29, 18 Sty 2011 Temat postu: Analysis of SME financing difficulties _725 |
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Analysis of SME financing difficulties
. For a long time, SMEs and banks of information asymmetry between borrowers and lenders, bank borrowing company's financial status, social prestige,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the strength of security units, business feasibility of the project information and so can not evaluate the scientific way of positioning, a small insurmountable barrier to corporate finance. (C) credit management authority to set difficult. In recent years, with increased awareness of risk and business. Bank credit management authority gradually upward concentration of credit to SMEs, or cf the basic general management authority to deal with corporate customers, business lines of the relative lack of spiritual Pan l students. Apply for loans for SMEs, branch no right of approval, approval of two branches have to report, and points more complicated procedures, time-consuming, high cost loans. Excessive concentration of power, easily lead to the This gives some speculators an opportunity; third is to increase the bank's bureaucracy, to approve clue, the more there is no specific person responsible for the phenomenon of credit crunch and are prone to indiscriminate lending. (D) bank's internal incentive and restraint mechanisms asymmetry. At present, many banks in general to strengthen the loan approval, distribution and other aspects of responsibility, especially to strengthen the constraints on credit risk officer, responsible for the occurrence of the risk of harsh punitive measures, and incentives has not fundamentally improved, because of the credit officer The risk and benefits of return does not match,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], leading to credit officers lack lending enthusiasm, generally a credit officer to a , do not want to risk phenomenon. According to the survey, including four state-owned commercial banks, most banks have not established a relatively complete scientific management of SME credit appraisal mechanism. Apart from a few pilot banks, most financial institutions involved in the credit market for SMEs lack the necessary positive and operating costs are high. According to the survey, the frequency of small business loans is 5 times as large enterprises, while the loan amount per household is only 0.5% of large enterprises, bank loans to SMEs information on costs and management costs are 5-8 times as large enterprises. Although under the current policy, commercial banks loans to SMEs 30% of the interest rate can go up, but even after floating, the comprehensive cost of financing for SMEs is still high. Asymmetric costs and benefits, to a certain extent, restricted the commercial banks, credit support to SMEs. (F) Credit varieties not suited to the development of SMEs and the financial services needs. For loans small number of high frequency, high risk of SMEs, the bank way existing services, service types and service efficiency are not adapt. If the credit rating of SMEs are still ways to apply the assessment of medium and large enterprises, small and medium enterprises has also led to a lower credit rating, credit single species, the period of designation too broad, too narrow interest rate fluctuations, it is difficult to adapt to dynamic growth of SMEs and flexible financing needs. Third, from the social environment of (a) the maintenance of bank debt with the mechanism has not yet formed. Maintenance of bank debt with the mechanism is not perfect mainly in mortgage-backed and efficient system of cash collateral can not be disposed of by the bank independence, the lack of standard operating time of the auction, in the disposal of collateral or that there are not easy to realize the phenomenon of the high cost of justice, the bank suffered financial losses. In the maintenance of bank debt, the current concept of local government is often driven by performance, used to force banks to lend more to support local economic development, and when business problems arise,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the bank claims are often not properly protected, which in large extent, resulted in both bank and distrust, the adverse long-term cooperation between banks and enterprises. (B) is not sound social credit system, SMEs difficult to obtain loan financing. Local government by financial and other factors,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], there is no guarantee for SMEs to establish the appropriate center, or even establish a small scale and also because of the lack of security strength for many small and medium enterprises, property evaluation, registration, insurance, notary and other procedures are complex, involving Many government departments, coupled with inadequate social service agencies, resulting in a number of small and medium enterprises can not be in time for the mortgage and so on. In recent years, although most provinces of China launched a SME credit guarantee pilot, but the credit guarantee institutions up and running,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], not only the lack of professionals, and there is real lack of experience of management and operation of the problems relative to the limited guarantee funds the huge demand for funds is difficult to market ratio, has restricted bank loans for SMEs (Contributing Editor: Xiao Jianguo; Proofing: ZJ)
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